Pelin Sekerler Richiardi

This study contributes to the literature on the relationship between trade, labour and environmental sustainability by providing empirical evidence at the firm level. For this purpose, it first explores whether exporting firms are more likely than non-exporting firms to adopt green measures. Second, it assesses how labour market outcomes such as productivity, wages, education level of workers, and training provided by firms may vary between green exporters and firms that do not engage in trade or undertake green measures. The study finds that exporting firms have a significantly higher probability of adopting green measures than do non-exporting firms. In addition, on average, among exporting firms, those that implement green measures tend to have higher levels of productivity, pay higher wages, offer more training and have a similar share of workers with a university degree in comparison with exporters that do not implement green measures. However, the gain in labour productivity associated with exporting and the adoption of green measures does not seem to translate into higher wages in lower-middle-income and upper-middle-income countries; it only does so in high-income countries.

This chapter the authors explore the links between exporting and importing in small and medium-sized enterprises and several decent work indicators in Viet Nam. Using micro data and techniques, it finds that trade is positively associated with the presence of written formal contracts, social protection coverage represented through insurance for healthcare, unemployment benefits and sick leave.

Explores first how CSR initiatives can support the objective of extending social protection. Then, on the basis of privately held data provided by L’Oréal, it analyses whether the implementation of the program has led to any changes in the benefits provided by L’Oréal firms in different countries. Finally, it explores the links between two indicators related to firm performance (turnover and absenteeism) and the different elements of the program based on quantitative methodologies. The analysis is limited based on data availability; thus, the paper makes some suggestions about how the effects of the program could be better evaluated with access to more specific indicators.

Nearly half of trade agreements concluded in the past five years included either a labour chapter or labour provision that makes reference to international labour standards and ILO instruments. The evidence so far suggests that labour provisions have been an important tool for raising awareness and improving laws and legislation with respect to workers’ rights, increasing stakeholder involvement in negotiation and implementation phases, and developing domestic institutions to better monitor and enforce labour standards. But challenges remain, particularly with respect to sustainability of impacts, coherence, and cooperative efforts. This report, part of the Studies on Growth with Equity series, gives a full examination of the scope and effectiveness of these labour provisions.

Si Jevons est bien connu pour son analyse d’économie pure, ses contributions dans le domaine social le sont moins. Pourtant, du point de vue de l’histoire de la pensée économique, elles présentent un double intérêt : d’une part, elles témoignent de l’adhésion de Jevons à la philosophie utilitariste et, d’autre part, elles portent la marque de l’économie du bien-être naissante, tout en présentant une approche singulière du bien-être social qui fait clairement apparaître la possibilité d’une divergence entre le bien-être global et le bien-être économique.Dans cet article, nous nous proposons de reconstruire l’architecture globale de la position de Jevons relative à la « réforme sociale » : on présente d’abord le point de vue étroit que doit adopter l’économiste, tout en mettant en évidence les liens entre l’économie et la morale, à travers la mobilisation du calcul utilitariste benthamien (§. 1). Puis, dans le domaine de la législation, on montre que Jevons considère la nécessité d’abandonner un tel point de vue pour établir une sorte de calcul coût/avantage qui mobilise les différentes sciences permettant d’anticiper les conséquences d’une réforme : après en avoir détaillé la méthode (§. 2), on montre les conséquences d’une telle analyse qui conduit Jevons, en tant qu’économiste, à amender un certain nombre d’hypothèses qu’il avait posées dans le cadre de son économie pure (§. 3).JEL classification : B13, B3, D60, D63