Research Assets List
Other publication - Working Paper
Published 2026
This paper examines how Generative Artificial Intelligence (GenAI) may affect labour markets across 135 countries, covering around two-thirds of global employment. It focuses on how exposure differs between advanced and developing economies, and how digital infrastructure and task composition shape the balance between automation risks and productivity gains.
Other publication - Research Brief
Intelligence artificielle générative et emploi: révision 2025
Published 2025
Cette note de recherche résume un document de travail de l'OIT qui affine l’évaluation mondiale de l’exposition des professions à l’intelligence artificielle générative. Elle présente une méthodologie actualisée combinant données par tâches, expertise humaine et prédictions d’IA pour appuyer une analyse plus précise de l’impact potentiel de l’IA générative sur l’emploi.
Other publication - Research Brief
Inteligencia artificial generativa y empleo: edición actualizada de 2025
Published 2025
Esta nota de investigación presenta un documento de trabajo de la OIT que mejora la evaluación global de la exposición ocupacional a la inteligencia artificial generativa. Ofrece una metodología actualizada que combina datos por tarea, aportes de expertos y predicciones de IA para respaldar un análisis más preciso del posible impacto de la IA generativa en el empleo.FacebookXLinkedin
Other publication - Research Brief
Generative AI and jobs: a 2025 update
Published 2025
Generative AI and jobs : a refined global index of occupational exposure
This brief summarises an ILO Working paper that refines the global assessment of occupational exposure to generative AI. It presents an updated methodology combining task-level data, expert input, and AI predictions to support more accurate analysis of GenAI’s potential impact on jobs.
Other publication - Working Paper
Generative AI and jobs: a refined global index of occupational exposure
Published 2025
Generative AI and jobs : a 2025 update
Other publication - Research Brief
Generative AI and the media and culture industry
Published 2025
The brief explores the transformative impact of Generative AI (GenAI) on the media and culture industry, analyzing its effects on job exposure, skills demand, and employment conditions. It highlights the need for policy frameworks, ethical AI governance, and social dialogue to mitigate risks such as job displacement and ensure fair compensation and creative control for workers.
Other publication - Research Brief
Published 2024
This brief highlights the use of generative AI to create a database of Labour Force Survey questions, combining AI vision capabilities and human verification to ensure accurate data extraction. It introduces tools for digitization, semantic search, and automated summary generation, alongside an interactive search app and GitHub repository, showcasing the transformative potential of AI for turning textual resources into long-term digital assets for research and policymaking.
Other publication - Working Paper
Published 2024
Despite initial research about the biases and perceptions of Large Language Models (LLMs), we lack evidence on how LLMs evaluate occupations, especially in comparison to human evaluators. In this paper, we present a systematic comparison of occupational evaluations by GPT-4 with those from an in-depth, high-quality and recent human respondents survey in the United Kingdom. Covering the full ISCO-08 occupational landscape, with 580 occupations and two distinct metrics (prestige and social value), our findings indicate that GPT-4 and human scores are highly correlated across all ISCO-08 major groups. In absolute terms, GPT-4 scores are more generous than those of the human respondents. At the same time, GPT-4 substantially under or overestimates the occupational prestige and social value of many occupations, particularly for emerging digital and stigmatized occupations.
Other publication - Working Paper
Buffer or bottleneck?: employment exposure to generative AI and the digital divide in Latin America
Published 2024
In this new paper from the International Labour Organization and the World Bank Group, researchers found that Generative AI could have transformative effects on jobs and livelihoods in Latin America and the Caribbean. Nonetheless, gaps in digital infrastructure and other inequalities could hinder the potential impacts of Generative AI in the region.
Other publication - Working Paper
Generative AI and jobs: a global analysis of potential effects on job quantity and quality
Published 2023
This study assesses the potential global exposure of occupations to Generative AI, particularly GPT-4. It predicts that the overwhelming effect of the technology will be to augment occupations, rather than to automate them. The greatest impact is likely to be in high and upper-middle income countries due to a higher share of employment in clerical occupations. As clerical jobs are an important source of female employment, the effects are highly gendered. Insights from this study underline the need for proactive policies that focus on job quality, ensure fair transitions, and that are based on dialogue and adequate regulation.