Abstract
With support from the European Union and the United Kingdom, this joint International Labour Organization–Arab Reform Initiative publication explores reform pathways across core pillars of the National Social Protection Strategy – social assistance, pensions, and social health protection – alongside the governance arrangements required to strengthen their coherence and sustainability. The report consolidates the outcomes of a series of National Policy Dialogues that convened policymakers, social partners, civil society, international organizations, and development partners to advance a universal, rights-based social protection system amid Lebanon’s protracted crises. The report synthesizes key takeaways, challenges, and policy recommendations emerging from the dialogue process.