Abstract
This article reviews the international evidence for economic benefitsof multilevel collective bargaining, indicating that the expected gains are highlycontingent and depend upon a raft of interlocking enabling conditions. We arguethat the process of institutional reform requires that particular attention be paid tofour key factors – a country’s political commitment to social dialogue, the degreeof understanding of the complex institutional architecture of collective bargaining,the prioritizing of inclusive democratic representation and the resources availableto invest in the capacities of workers’ and employers’ organizations. The articleconcludes by setting out key policy issues.