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The wage structure of Polish workers in Germany
Journal article

The wage structure of Polish workers in Germany

Stephan Brunow, Katarzyna Miszczak, Holger Seibert and Aleksandra Wrona
International labour review, Vol.165, number 1 (1), pp.1-20
2026

Abstract

wage structure labour migration international migration migrant workers Polish Germany Poland
Germany has historically received a substantial inflow of immigrants from Poland. Polish workers are the second-largest foreign employment group in Germany and contribute substantially to the German economy. In this article, we draw on a large administrative dataset to analyse the wage structure of Polish employees and consider a wide range of factors, including individual and firm characteristics, labour market performance measures and potential network effects. We also account for spatial selectivity, distinguishing between urban, semi-urban and peripheral regions. We conclude that, when compared with Poland, Germany remains attractive to Polish workers – particularly to those who are lower-skilled. Polish employees earn less than their German counterparts, suggesting that wage increases may be a potential means of retaining Polish workers in Germany. Network-related characteristics indicate competition effects among Polish workers.
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