Abstract
This research aimed to develop and evaluate a real-time virtual reality (VR) application that facilitates collaboration during the construction design review phase. The study established a common data environment (CDE) digital platform for stakeholders to enhance cooperation. The article outlines a process for constructing this multi-user immersive VR application in real-time, aiming to surpass conventional methods by reducing design errors detected during building inspections. The adoption of VR technology for remote collaboration among stakeholders in the architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC) industry has faced challenges. While there have been previous multi-user VR studies in other industries, there is limited comparable research in the AEC field. This study addresses this gap by creating multi-user immersive VR applications for real-time remote collaboration and providing empirical evidence to demonstrate their advantages in the AEC industry.